Speed-reduction and driving gear.



m. 801,517. PATBNTED OCT. 10, 1905. J. s. FAIRFAX. SPEED REDUCTION AND DRIVING GEAR.

APPLIOATIOH FILED MAY 11. 1904.

BSHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED OCT. 10, 1905.

J. s. FAIRFAX. SPEED REDUCTION AND DRIVING GEAR.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 11.1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Wins/5855s.

No. 801,517. PATENTED 001". 10, 1905.

J. s. FAIRFAX.

SPEED REDUCTION AND DRIVING GEAR.

APPLIOATION 111.121) MAY11.1904.

/ Q 4 6 SHEETS-SHEET s.

PATENTED OCT. 10, 1905,

e SHEETS-SHEET 4.

J. s. FAIRFAX, SPEED REDUCTION AND muvmr; GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 11. 19044 No. 80L5l7.

PATENTED OCT. 10, 1905. J. S. FAIRFAX.

SPEED REDUCTION AND DRIVING GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED HAY 11.1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

JOSEPH sinctaniimn rai, ,or LONDON, .nxonann.

seeeomsoucrtcin Amp Dian/inc. GEAR.

No. 801,517. Specificatioito f Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 10, 1.905.

Application liled May 11, 1904. Serial No. 207,434.

To (LIZ whom, it ilmy (OILUIIIL' Be it known that i, JOSEPH SINCLAIR Farm &

FAX, a subject of the Kingof the British Dominions, residing at (.hiswick. London. England, (whose post-oitice address isB? and 39 Essex street, Strand, London, England) have invented certain new and useful improvements in Speed-Reduction and Driving Gear. of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved speedreduction and driving gear adapted to transmit power directly from the driving-shaft of an electric motor, turbine, engine, or other like shaft at a reduced number of revolutions to that of the said driving-shaft. The ratio of reduction is prearranged and is positive, having a range within the practical limits oi from about three to one. to about seven or eight to one. As the said driving-gear is adapted to drive in the same manner from the same position and in the same direction as hitherto, its use practically converts a highspeed motor into a moderate or slow speed motor.

In the further description of my invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which" Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation of reduction-gear having a pinion at the outer end from which the reduced speed is transmitted to an outside spur-wheel, as described. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of Figs. 1 and 2, showing the combination of parts as arranged to drive spur-gearing at the predetermined reduced speed directly from the motor or engine shaft by the aforesaid pinion.

tion, partlyin section, of the improved re duction-gear having a pulley for driving at the reduced speed by belt instead of the said pinion, '5 is asimilar elevation to Fig. i, but showing two pulleys, the right-hand pulley being shown by the part in section as secured to the drivingshat't, and therefore rotatable atitsfull speed,side by side with the other pulley, which is rotatable at the reduced speed. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of a.halt'-coupling, its sleeve being l'itted upon and keyed to the hub of the planet-wheel disk and adapted to transmit reduced speed in the axial d irection to anyother machine or apparatus by a similar half-coupling, as indicated by dotted lines. Fig. 7 a partial end elevation of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is also a longitudinal section through a similar sieeve'and disk fitting to that shown in Figs. 6 and 7, but provided rying the disk Fig. 4 is an eleva- 1 I with a crankpin to transmit reciprocating motion at reduced speed to a pump or the like; and Fig. 2) is an end elevation of in the drawings the motor or engine shaft or other driving-shaft whose revolutions it is required to reduce indicated by 11, which projects outwardly from a bearing 1), carried by a standard. frame, or cover 1', such as that of an electric motor, as indicated in Fig. i. The shatt carries an inner driving-pinion or sun-wheel 1/, formed integral with the shaft or secured thereto by the kcyu. Surrounding and in line with the sun-wheel (.1 is a stationary wheel 1, having internal teeth whose pitch-line is exactly concentric with that of J. ystem of two, three, or four planetwhccls f are adapted to be driven by and revolve around the sun-wheel u and travel against the internal tccth oi the stationary \vhccl r, the planctnvhcclsj being rotatable upon pins secured in or integral with a disk A or its equivalent I --an arm or arms or a pulley or wheel. The said disk or its equivalent. is provided with a huh I, bored to reccivc and'he seated upon the outer end of the driving-shalt w. and tree to revolve thereon iiuhmcmlcntly ol' the motion of the shaft. As the sun-pinion 1] drives the planet system of wheels-f" they revolve upon the pins g, car- /1 and its hub Z forward with them in the wcll-known manner of sun and planet gear devices. The speed of the disk and its hub is reduced from that of the driving-shat in accordance with the ratio employed of 1/ to 1'. transmitting member integral with or secured to the disk or the hub I is available tordriving an outside mechanism at the saidreduced speed directly from the high-speed or motor driving-shaft.

Suitable power-transmitting members are the pinion j, pulley Ar, the halt-coupling l, andcranlodisk 11/ with crank-pin a. An cccentric may also be formed on or fitted to the huh I. but'is not shown, as the crank-pin is considered an equivalent for producing reciprocating motion, while the other members transmitci rcularmotion. These power-transmitting members are shown with an eye bored out to (it upon the huh I and keyed in position by a circular or other shaped key or keys j, (indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 31) but the pulley itor any other transmitting member provided with a flange or web may be driven by an extension of the pin 0, as indicated in Fi at. In this case the washer (Jonscipiently a power- I same diameter, as shown in Fig. 5, provide a variable speed from the full speed of the shaft given by pulley '12. to the predeterntiined re the end of the sun-wheel 1K, and by thus sav- I 5 ing space and working in close proximity to the bearing 1/ and motor-cover Fig. 4;, the reduction-gear overhangs the bearing to a minimum extent. wardly from the planetfdisk sufiiciently to The hubfi' extends out- I i to a planing-machine, wlnle with two belts to make a steady bearing upon the shaft (I and also affords suflicient width for the form of power-transmitting member adopted. example, if the hub I is formed integrally as For able.

a toothed pinion jo'r sepalately-formed pinion or wheel is secured to the hub, as in Figs.

shaft parallel with a; but n this case there I, 2, and 3, the teeth should be su'fiiciently long and strong enough by means of their 1 pitch to transmit. the required number of horse-power safely to a similarly-formed out- 2o side-supportedspur-wheel, with a margin for clearance of the wheel from contact on the outer face of the planet-disk /1. If it is formed as a pulley Ii to transmit power by a belt, the inside faceof the flange may be in line with the outer face of the planet-disk or extend over it-or even over the fixed wheel so that neither transmitting member overhangs the bearing greatly nor conflicts with the self-contained characteristic of a motor having no outer bearing.

case, but to a slightly less extent, when the half-eoupling/ is formed on or fitted to the hub 17 for transmitting power axially and similarly with the cranlvdisl: m and cranl pin in for tra n'sn'iitting a reciprocating motion transversely to the shaft.

In order to resist the strain of driving and adapt the improved reduction-gear to suit various forms of transmitting members, the

40 planet-disk and its hub are preferably madeintegral and the central lrivimg -shaftu is extended well into or through the hub and provision made for retaining-collar (r' or other means of keepin all the parts in their relative positions. lhe shaft 1! and huh I are relatively made an easy or working lit, the former working; freely at its full number -of revolutions within the latter, which in its turn revolves at its reduced number of revolu- 5 tions upon the former. An oil-channel a is drilled into the shaft, and a suitable lubricator (not shown) is secured into the end of the shaft or to the retaininc-collar r/' to supply the luhricant. in some cases the lubricator itself may be enlarged to form a retainingwasher or collar at the end of the shaft, if required, and holes are drilled from the outside of the shaft into the central oil-channel u", communicating with a groove or grooves cut in the bore of the hub-i for distributing the lubricant, as indicated in Fig. 3.

In some cases the main shaft is extended sufficiently beyond the hub to receive a pulley 11., secured to the shaft by a $0) 1/ beside 5 the pulley [a These pulleys eing of the This is also the i a screw and nut to retain each planet-wheel duced speed given by the pulley la, the vari ation being obtained by shifting a belt from one to the other. This arrangement with single belt would be suitable for giving slow cutting speed and a quick return sp ced and by varying the relative diameters of the pulleys in driving onto other pulleys further modifications in the relative speeds are obtain Similarly with respect to toothed ions, which if of the same diameter may drive a wheel or pinion slidable on an outside should be a sufficient space between the two driving-pinions for the driven wheel to stand. clear between: Such an arrangement would be suitable for cranes and some other machinery, and the variable speed thus produced is an improvement on the invention described in the specification to British Letters Patent to me, dated May 31, 1902, No. 12,321.

The spindles or pins f/ for the planet-wheels fare shown in Fig. 3 with a collar g ,letiuto the rim of the planet-disk it, the end g of each pin being received therein and riveted. This arrangement also saves axial space upon the shaft 1/. The other end is provided with f in place, and oil-channels are indicated by dotted lines fed from a lubricator to be screwed into the orifice la. in the planet-dish 1i. The stationary wheel 1 is secured to the bear ing, standard, cover, or other partof the prime mover or apparatus carrying the d riving-shaft m in any convenient manner, so as to virtually form a partof the apparatus and be self-con tained therewith. For example, Figs. & and 5 show lugs e extending from the stationary wheel 1', each having a screw passed through it into the tapped hole of a corresponding; bracket 0', cast on or screwed to the cover a of an electric motor. By turning or milling the outside of the brackets c concentric with the journal or shaft rt and similarly boring the lugs a to fit the stationary wheel the latter can be easily and cheaply secured in concentric position with the sun-wheel (Z. Another way is to face up the lugs r and drill holes therein parallel and concentric with the shaft. Studs c (their outward ends with nuts only being shown, Figs. 1, 2, and 3) are screwed 4 at their outer end to the motoneover, as before i s nstated, or the stationary wheel 12 may he vided with arms and a central bored bossor hub titted upon a concentric circular part of the hearing I) and secured in that position-or be cast integral with the cover of the motor 12*? 3' and the teeth accurately formed or cut in place 5 therein, as desired.

The half-coupling l in Figs. 6 and Tis titted upon the hub Z and keyed thereto by the key when it is required to transmit rotary 2110- 3 LII tion at the reduced speed in an axial direction. the face of the disk; cessed, the other half-couplii'ig dotted and bolted thereto in the well-known manner. A sleeve and disk 1, similar to the half-coupling may also be fitted upon and keyed to the hub or boss 1', as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, but is provided with a crank-pin 11/, secured to the disk l by the nut m5. This is used for transmitting reciprocating motion.

but it may be flat or re- (indicated by \Vhile the hub X may be integrally formed f as a power-transmittlng number, it is preterably turned to a standard dimension for each size of the reduction-gear to receive either the pinion j, the pulley Z, the half-coupling or crank-disk I with crank-pin m, as may be required. Any other power transmitting member--such as an eccentric, rope driving bevel, chain, or worm whcel-may be similarly fitted on and secured to the hub or disk /1, instead for the object of my invention. It is to be observed, therefore, that although motion may be transmitted transversely or axially by means of the above-named wellknown members for such purposes, yet in all cases it is the reduced speed and not the high speed that is thus dealt with; also, the reduced speed is available in and transmitted from substantially the same position upon the motor-shaft and in the same general manner as that from which only the high speed has hitherto been obtained. Moreover, so long as the fixed wheel does not exceed the outer diameter of an electric motor, for example, it occupies practically no greater space than before, and within the proportion a ratio of reduction can be readily obtained of seven to one. Furthermore, I have found that my improved reduction-gear can be fitted on the projecting shaft on which the ordinary pulley or pinion is keyed of almostall electric motors previously made and sold in this country, lengthen the exceptions sufliciently for the purpose. Consequently by my invention a high-speed electric or engine motor can be used to drive directly from its main or central shaft as though it were a moderate or slow motor, this bringing it close to its work and often avoiding the use of a special bet plate and special outside reduction-gear.

It is also to be understood that an epicyclic train or sun-and-planet gear being well known and applied to so many arrangements of gearing i make no claim thereto alone. I. am aware, too, that a train of such gearing has been combined within a gear-box and coupled to a driving-shaft or bolted to an electric motor, and this is also beyond the scope of my invention; but the points of novelty relied on are set forth in the claims.

\Vhat .I claim, and ters Patent of the United States, is-

It is shown with a projection 1 upon lines 11/) being correspondingly formed 5 and it is comparatively easy to desire to secure by Letl l l l l l l l l. A speedreduction and driving gear combining a cover, having a bearing, with a shaft revoluble in and projecting from said bearing; a sun-wheel secured to the shaft in close proximity to the bearing; a wheel having internal teeth secured to said cover so as to surround and be concentric with said sun-wheel; a planet system of wheels rotatable on pins and revoluble between the said sun and stationary wheels; a disk carrying the said pins and having a hub rotatable upon the outer end of the shaft, and a power-transmitt-ing member formed on or secured to the said hub, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and shown in the drawings.

2. A speeda-eduction and d riving gear combining a cover having a bearing, with a shaft revoluble in and projecting from said hearing; a sun-wheel secured to the shaft in close proximity to the bearing, a wheel having internal teeth secured to said cover so as to surround and be concentric with said sun-wheel; a planet system of wheels rotatable on pins and revoluble between the said sun and stationary wheels; a disk carrying the said pins and having a hub rotatable upon the outer end of the shaft adapted to receive one of various forms of 1)owcr-transmitting members, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and shown in the drawings.

3. The combination ofan electricmotor having an armatureshaft projecting from a hearing with a stationary internal-toothed wheel surrounding and concentric with the shaft next to the bearing, a sun-wheel secured on the shaft next to the bearing in line with the stationary wheel,and a planet system of wheels carried by a disk operated by said sun-wheel against the teeth of the stationary wheel revoluble on the outer end of the shaft and a powertransmitting member carried and driven thereby at a reduced shaft, substantially as and for the purpose specified and shown in the drawings.

4. The combination of a high-speed motor having a driving-shaft overhanging its bearing on one side of the motor, with a toothed wheel secured to the said motor a sun-andplanet speed-reduction gear working upon and operated by the said shaft against said toothed wheel, and two power-transmitting members arranged concentrically beside each other, one driven directly by and at the full speed of the shaft, and the other by and at the speed of the reduction-gear, substantially as and for the purpose specified and shown in the drawings.

5. The combination of a motor having a driving-shaft projecting from and overhanging its bearing with a speed-reduction gear mounted upon and driven by said shaft, substantially as and for the purpose specified and shown in the drawings.

6. The combination of astationary bearing, with a shaft projecting from and revoluble in speed relative to that of the IIO & i I 801,517

said bearing, and a sun-and-planet speed-resecured to theshaftclose to the bearing; an in- 20 ducing gear mountedand revoluble on said ternal-toothed Wheel 6, means for securing itto shaft, having its stationary member secured the said frame concentrically and in line with to said bearing substantially as and for the said sun-wheel; a disk It, having a recess h 5 purpose specified and shown in the drawings. overhanging a part of the sun-wheel, and a v 7. The combination of astationary bearing, hub 2 revoluble on the shaft and adapted to 25 withadriving-shaft projectingfrom and revocarry a pinion, pulley, or analogous powerluble in said bearing, a sun-and-planet gear transmitting member; pins g, a system of having a power-transmitting membermountplanet-Wheels f rotatable on said pins; and 10 ed and revoluble on said projecting shaft, and means for retaining said hub on the shaft means for securing its stationary member in substantially as and for the purpose herein 3 a fixed concentric position with the said sun specified and shown in the drawings. and planet members, substantially as and for In testimony that I claim the foregoing as the purpose specified and shown in the drawmy invention I have signed my name in pres- 5 ings. ence of two subscribing witnesses.

8. Aspeed-reduction and driving gear hav- JOSEPH SINCLAIR FAIRFAX.

ing in combination a frame 0, having a bear- \Vitnesses: ing 6, and a driving-shaft journaled in and l HENRY J. BROOKWELL, projecting from said bearing; a sun-wheel cl 1 HILDA R. FoRs'rER. 

